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El homicidio - por Santo Tomas de Aquino

Estuve leyendo la Suma Teologica de Santo Tomas de Aquino

Es una maravilla, pues explica con manzanas miles de temas, que a veces ni el catecismo gordo explica bien, como el tema del homicidio.

Un resumen:

¿Es lícito matar a los pecadores?
El hombre, al pecar, se separa del orden de la razón, y por ello decae en su dignidad, es decir, en cuanto que el hombre es naturalmente libre y existente por sí mismo; y húndese, en cierto modo, en la esclavitud de las bestias, de modo que puede disponerse de él en cuanto es útil a los demás...
Por consiguiente, aunque matar al hombre que conserva su dignidad sea en sí malo, sin embargo, matar al hombre pecador puede ser bueno, como matar una bestia, pues peor es el hombre malo que una bestia y causa más daño.

¿Es lícito a una persona particular matar al hombre pecador?
El que matare a malhechor sin tener administración pública, será juzgado como homicida, y tanto más cuanto que no temió usurpar una potestad que Dios no le había concedido.

¿Es lícito en algún caso matar a un inocente?
...de ningún modo es lícito matar al inocente.

¿Es lícito a alguien matar a otro en defensa propia?
...puesto que no es lícito matar al hombre sino por autoridad pública y a causa del bien común, como consta por lo expuesto (a.3), es ilícito que un hombre se proponga matar a otro simplemente para defenderse a sí mismo, a menos que tenga autoridad pública el que se defiende, el cual, al proponerse matar a otro en su propia defensa, lo hace con vistas al bienestar público, como ocurre con el soldado que pelea contra los enemigos y con el agente del juez que combate contra los ladrones; aunque también pecan ambos si son movidos por pasión personal.

Ref: http://hjg.com.ar/sumat/c/c64.html

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