Genuflection
Genuflection is reserved for:
- the Most Blessed Sacrament
- the Holy Cross from the solemn adoration during the liturgical celebration on Good Friday until the beginning of the Easter Vigil.
- Ministers genuflect when they approach the altar and when they depart from it, but not during the celebration of Mass itself. (The Mass begins with the entrance chant/song)
Else (if the tabernacle is not in the sanctuary):
- Ministers who pass before the Most Blessed Sacrament genuflect, unless they are moving in procession.
Therefore:
- Non-ministers genuflect in adoration to the Most Blessed Sacrament always. A lay person going to the restroom should genuflect before the tabernacle even during Mass because they're not ministers near the sanctuary.
- During Mass a reader doesn't have to genuflect -- nor bow (see below) -- when approaching the altar area to read.
Special case:
Ministers carrying the processional cross or candles bow their heads instead of genuflecting. This can't apply to the entrance procession:
- If sanctuaryWtabernacle: procession is part of the Mass
- If sanctuaryW/Otabernacle: it's a procession
So seems to apply when it's not Mass and they're simply walking.
Bow
A bow of the head is made when the three Divine Persons are named together and at the names of Jesus, of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and of the Saint in whose honor Mass is being celebrated.
Crystal clear
b) A bow of the body, that is to say a profound bow, is made to the altar
b) La inclinación de cuerpo, o inclinación profunda, se hace: al altar, en las oraciones Purifica mi corazón y Acepta, Señor, nuestro corazón contrito; en el Símbolo, a las palabras...
Not sure if we have to bow to the altar always or only during those prayers (depends on a ";" or ",").
Roman Missal
The Introductory Rites
ENTRANCE CHANT
stand
When the people ate gathered, the Priest approaches the altar with the ministers while the Entrance Chant is sung.
When he has arrived at the altar, after making a profound bow with the ministers, the Priest venerates the altar with a kiss and if appropriate, incenses the cross and the altar. Then, with the ministers, he goes to the chair.
GIRM
Genuflections and Bows
274. A genuflection, made by bending the right knee to the ground, signifies adoration, and therefore it is reserved for the Most Blessed Sacrament, as well as for the Holy Cross from the solemn adoration during the liturgical celebration on Good Friday until the beginning of the Easter Vigil.
During Mass, three genuflections are made by the priest celebrant: namely, after the showing of the host, after the showing of the chalice, and before Communion. Certain specific features to be observed in a concelebrated Mass are noted in their proper place (cf. nos. 210-251).
If, however, the tabernacle with the Most Blessed Sacrament is present in the sanctuary, the priest, the deacon, and the other ministers genuflect when they approach the altar and when they depart from it, but not during the celebration of Mass itself.
Otherwise all who pass before the Most Blessed Sacrament genuflect, unless they are moving in procession.
Ministers carrying the processional cross or candles bow their heads instead of genuflecting.
275. A bow signifies reverence and honor shown to the persons themselves or to the signs that represent them. There are two kinds of bows: a bow of the head and a bow of the body.
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A bow of the head is made when the three Divine Persons are named together and at the names of Jesus, of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and of the Saint in whose honor Mass is being celebrated.
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A bow of the body, that is to say a profound bow, is made to the altar; during the prayers Munda cor meum (Almighty God, cleanse my heart) and In spiritu humilitatis (Lord God, we ask you to receive); in the Creed at the words Et incarnatus est (by the power of the Holy Spirit . . . and became man); in the Roman Canon at the words Supplices te rogamus (Almighty God, we pray that your angel). The same kind of bow is made by the deacon when he asks for a blessing before the proclamation of the Gospel. In addition, the priest bows slightly as he speaks the words of the Lord at the consecration.
Link here
b) La inclinación de cuerpo, o inclinación profunda, se hace: al altar, en las oraciones Purifica mi corazón y Acepta, Señor, nuestro corazón contrito; en el Símbolo, a las palabras y por obra del Espíritu Santo o que fue concebido por obra y gracia del Espíritu Santo; en el Canon Romano, a las palabras Te pedimos humildemente. El diácono hace la misma inclinación cuando pide la bendición antes de la proclamación el Evangelio. El sacerdote, además, se inclina un poco cuando, en la consagración, pronuncia las palabras del Señor.
https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccdds/documents/rc_con_ccdds_doc_20030317_ordinamento-messale_sp.html
b) La inclinación del cuerpo, o inclinación profunda, se hace: al altar; a las oraciones Purifica mi corazón y Acepta, Señor, nuestro corazón contrito; en el Credo, a las palabras: y por obra del Espíritu Santo; en el Canon Romano, al decir la oración Te pedimos humildemente. La misma inclinación la hace el diácono cuando pide la bendición antes de proclamar el Evangelio. El sacerdote se inclina además un poco cuando, durante la consagración, pronuncia las palabras del Señor.
https://www.usccb.org/es/prayer-and-worship/the-mass/general-instruction-of-the-roman-missal/girm-chapter-4
Inclinatio corporis: seu inclinatio profunda, fit: ad altare; ad orationes Munda cor meum et In spíritu humilitátis; in symbolo ad verba Et incarnátus est; in Canone Romano ad verba Súpplices te rogamus. Eadem inclinatio fit a diacono, cum petit benedictionem ante proclamationem Evangelii. Sacerdos insuper parum se inclinat cum, in consecratione, verba Domini profert.
https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/institutio-generalis-missalis-romani-3rd-edition-2190
b) L’inchino di tutto il corpo, o inchino profondo, si fa: all’altare; mentre si dicono le preghiere Purifica il mio cuore e Umili e pentiti; nel simbolo (Credo) alle parole: E per opera dello Spirito Santo; nel canone romano, alle parole: Ti supplichiamo, Dio onnipotente. Il diacono compie lo stesso inchino mentre chiede la benedizione prima di proclamare il Vangelo. Inoltre il sacerdote, alla consacrazione, si inchina leggermente mentre proferisce le parole del Signore.
https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccdds/documents/rc_con_ccdds_doc_20030317_ordinamento-messale_it.html
b) On incline le corps, par ce qu´on appelle l´inclination profonde: devant l´autel, aux prières Munda cor meum (Purifie mon cœur) et In spiritu humilitatis (Humbles et pauvres); dans la récitation du Symbole, aux mots Et incarnatus est (Par l´Esprit Saint, il a pris chair); et dans le Canon romain, aux mots Supplices te rogamus (Nous t’en supplions). La même inclination est faite par le diacre quand il demande la bénédiction avant de proclamer l´Évangile. En outre, le prêtre s´incline un peu, à la consécration, quand il dit les paroles du Seigneur.
https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccdds/documents/rc_con_ccdds_doc_20030317_ordinamento-messale_fr.html
All languages: https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccdds/documents/rc_con_ccdds_missale-romanum_index_en.html
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